These are medications and techniques that enable the athlete to perform better than he/she would do naturally. They include anabolic steroids, erythropoietin or EPO, human growth hormones, stimulants, and blood-doping techniques. Some PEDs have the ability to increase strength, endurance or recuperation but are filled with medical hazards—cardiovascular, hormonal, or psychiatric—and are in violation of anti-doping rules. There are testing regimes and sanctions in sport organizations to maintain fair competition as well as athlete well-being. PEDs risk education and upholding ethical values enhance clean sport endeavors in endurance sports.
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