Pronation occurs when your foot rolls inwards after your heel strikes the surface when you’re walking or running. The arch in your foot drops slightly to bear weight and adapt to the surface. Normal pronation involves rolling smoothly from the heel to the toe and distributing the weight uniformly across the foot. Overpronation or underpronation causes the alignment of the legs to shift and results in shin splints, plantar fasciitis, or knee pain. Pronation is addressed through running shoes and orthotics that provide arch support as well as stability. Athletes select the right shoe through gait analysis that ensures good pronation to enhance comfort and endurance when running long distances.
