Turnover refers to how quickly an athlete accomplishes a complete movement or motion, such as arm strokes in swimming or steps in running. It tends to appear as strokes a minute or steps a minute.
In swimming, high turnover means more frequent arm strokes, which can indicate efficiency or rushed technique depending on form. In running, optimal turnover (typically 170–190 steps per minute) helps reduce ground contact time and improve efficiency. Monitoring turnover is a key metric for refining technique in both disciplines.
