Periodization is a systematic training approach that divides the year into distinct phases—each targeting different physiological qualities (endurance, strength, speed, taper).
A typical periodized plan includes four phases: a base phase (developing aerobic fitness), a build phase (increasing intensity), a peak phase (refining race fitness), and a transition phase (active recovery). It manages effort and recovery, prevents training plateaus, and enhances performance for critical events. Periodization may be applied to any endurance sport—such as triathlon, cycling, running, and swimming—and can extend from months to years, aligning training with competition calendars and long-term objectives.
